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Frames in Era 6
Frames in Era 6
The “long nineteenth century” appears revolutionary, no matter which frame you use to view the changes that occurred.
As this video progresses, key ideas will be introduced to invoke discussion.
Think about the following questions as you watch the video
What does the term ‘revolution’ mean, according to the video?
What were some large changes in this period related to the communities frame?
What were some large changes in this period related to the networks frame?
What were some large changes in this period related to the production and distribution frame?
: (music playing)
: We use the word "revolution" to describe a lot
: of the big events and transformations of Era 6,
: including the Haitian Revolution,
: the Industrial Revolution, and the French Revolution.
: You'll encounter all of these and more
: as you work your way through the long 19th century--
: the years between 1750 and 1914.
: All of these revolutions signify enormous change,
: breaking with the past and creating something new.
: When viewed through each of the frames,
: we see that in many ways,
: a new world was created in this era.
: For example, people were rapidly changing their communities
: in a variety of ways.
: Old European empires in the Americas were collapsing.
: Many revolutions--
: in Haiti, Mexico, Latin America,
: and the British North American colonies-–
: resulted in new, independent states.
: Many of these states formed new kinds of communities:
: nation-states.
: These nation-states were based
: on the radical idea that a people-–
: although not necessarily all people-–
: had the right to govern themselves
: individually and together as a country.
: Nation-states are a legacy of this era
: that still endures today.
: The United States, for example,
: was a nation-state created in this era.
: But the birth of nation-states
: did not mean the immediate end of all empires.
: In fact, new empires were created
: in the long 19th century.
: Existing powers like Britain and France,
: along with new challengers
: like Germany, the United States, and Japan,
: captured territory and conquered people
: in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific.
: Changes were also happening at a smaller level
: to the structures of our communities.
: More and more people were moving to bigger and bigger cities.
: City life often meant people had less support
: from families and neighbors
: and therefore needed to find new ways
: to connect and live with others.
: There was a growing philosophical challenge
: to religion; from changing ideas about
: religious communities and freedom.
: Changes that emerged in expanding networks
: of philosophers and scientists
: who created, exchanged,
: and tested big new ideas.
: These innovations helped us
: to better understand our environment,
: our universe, and ourselves,
: and challenged older and traditional views.
: We developed a growing sense of human liberties
: and the rights of workers, children, and other groups.
: Within these networks, ideas moved faster
: and people shared them more effectively than ever before-–
: a change that has accelerated ever since.
: Today's networks of idea-sharing and communication are faster
: and more extensive than ever before.
: All these changes occurred in the context of perhaps
: the biggest revolution of this era:
: the Industrial Revolution.
: Not since humans started to farm
: had there been as large and important a transformation
: in production and distribution.
: The Industrial Revolution
: changed how we worked and how we lived.
: It shaped people's daily lives and schedules,
: the size of their families, and the food they ate.
: It also stimulated the development of not one
: but two new and competing economic systems:
: capitalism and socialism.
: In many ways, industrialization was the economic root
: of our modern world.
: Our lives today--
: lived mostly in cities, employed for wages,
: buying what we need instead of making it ourselves--
: is a product of the Industrial Revolution.
: These revolutionary changes happened at enormous scale.
: People around the world became increasingly connected
: through their communities, networks,
: and systems of production and distribution.
: But these changes did not affect everyone equally--
: and not everybody changed in the same way or at the same time.
: Nevertheless, the long 19th century created a world
: that was more globalized than ever before.
: Now, when a major war broke out
: at the end of this era in 1914,
: people in many regions
: experienced that suffering together.
: That global war, World War I, broke down-–
: for a time-- the global system of production
: and distribution of goods and led to a great misery.
: It reduced connections between people and communities
: as shipping and communications came under attack.
: Great empires broke apart
: while some new states were created from the fragments.
: It proved, and not for the last time,
: that our societies can be disrupted across all the frames,
: even in the modern age.