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Lesson 8.7 Vocab

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activist
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Definition

a person who works to bring about change in society, usually by speaking up, protesting, or taking action for a cause they believe in

Use In A Sentence

the activist organized a march to raise awareness about protecting the environment

apartheid
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Definition

a policy of racial segregation, especially the segregation of blacks and whites and the discrimination against blacks in the Republic of South Africa

Use In A Sentence

When studying apartheid in South Africa, we must keep in mind how recently this system of segregation existed.

discrimination
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Definition

the act, or collective acts, of making invalid, unfair, or hurtful differentiations, as in prejudice against people belonging to a specific group

Use In A Sentence

The civil rights movement fought to bring an end to discrimination in this country.

disenfranchisement
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Definition

the act of depriving someone of a right of citizenship, especially the right to vote

Use In A Sentence

History is filled with stories in which disenfranchisement is used as a form of oppression.

jihad
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Definition

an Arabic word meaning struggle against enemies

Use In A Sentence

The military campaigns of West Africa to overthrow their rulers were considered jihad.

propaganda
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Definition

information or statements of opinion that are deliberately circulated among the public in order to persuade the population to accept a particular point of view, especially one in favor of or opposed to a particular movement, cause, or doctrine

Use In A Sentence

The government spread propaganda to convince people of the threat from foreign enemies.

terrorism
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Definition

The use of violence and fear to achieve political or social goals

Use In A Sentence

After the act of terrorism, governments around the world worked together to improve security and protect civilians

Global Resistance to Established Order After 1900

Driving Question: How did opposition to existing power structures manifest across different regions around the world, and what were the most successful strategies for challenging these power structures?

After World War II, African American soldiers and civil rights leaders drew inspiration from global decolonization, recognizing a shared struggle against oppression. In South Africa and Latin America, people fought against colonial hierarchies and elite rule, pushing back against racism and inequality. What did these struggles share in common? What made them unique?

Learning Objectives

  1. Explain various reactions to existing power structures in the period after 1900.
  2. Explain the causes of the end of the Cold War.
  3. Use close reading skills to consider the effect of liberation movements during this period.
STEP 1

Opener: Global Resistance to Established Order After 1900

These song lyrics will help you consider the causes of the Civil Rights movement in the United States and to begin thinking about its global connections.

STEP 2

Civil Rights and Global Liberation

Teaching Tools

Want to mix up students’ reading strategy? Have them create questions. After reading a section of an article, students design a challenge question about the reading or how it relates to what they’re learning in class. Once students are done reading individually, they meet with a partner and ask each other the challenge questions. They’re not allowed to use the text to answer.

Histories of the US Civil Rights struggle and the global decolonization movement are often told separately, but these two struggles were entangled. This article argues that the civil rights movement was linked to both the Cold War and decolonization.

STEP 3

Apartheid

Teaching Tools

Don’t skip this video! The story of apartheid helps students understand how nonviolent movements have at times brought about historic political change.

The struggle against apartheid in South Africa is one of the longest of the decolonization struggles, and it, too, was also embroiled in the machinations of the Cold War. This video will help you to explore the route the struggle took, and how it connected local and global forces.

Apartheid: How South Africa Ended Decades of Racial Rule External link

For decades, black South Africans faced repression in the form of apartheid, a system of racial segregation. It took years of protest and resistance, from within South Africa and from the international community, to finally topple the system of apartheid.
STEP 4

Source Collection: Global Resistance to Established Power Structures

This collection explores both the context of twentieth-century power structures and the ways that people reacted to them. You will hear from both Martin Luther King, Jr. and Osama Bin Laden, from Nelson Mandela and the CIA. We recommend you use the Quick-Sourcing Tool to complete this exercise.

STEP 5

Soundtrack of Liberation

STEP 6

Terrorism

Teaching Tools

This article provides students with illustrative examples they can use on the AP exam to explain the various ways groups reacted to existing power structures.

If you’re looking to extend student learning about the attacks of September 11, 2001, and their aftermath, check out this article External link for a deeper read that digs into questions about the cultural and economic background of the conflict.

Although you may think of terrorism as a recent phenomenon, it’s been around for ages. Learn about the history of non-state terrorism and investigate how the US responded to the 9/11 terrorist attack.

9/11: One Day That Changed the World External link

Terrorist attacks affect communities in both the long and the short term. Learn how the events of September 11, 2001, reshaped the world and sparked debates about justice, identity, and the global consequences of conflict.
STEP 7

Closer: Global Resistance to Established Order After 1900

Teaching Tools

This SAQ activity asks students to analyze a primary source excerpt and answer prompts about the connection between the Cold War and decolonization. If students need a refresher on how to approach these stimulus-based prompts, have them review their completed worksheets for the SAQ Practice: Unit 6 External link activity.

If your students need some extra help answering the prompts, share the WH AP SAQ Tool External link  with them.

For this SAQ practice activity, you will respond to one SAQ as if you were actually the taking AP® World History: Modern exam. This should give you a sense of just how prepared you are to respond to SAQs on exam day.

Extension Materials
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Expand your understanding of reactions to existing power structures through an exploration of Latin America.
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Modern Latin America

Latin American countries inherited a hierarchical structure from their colonial past, resulting in power shifts between powerful elites on the right and popular governments on the left.