a competitive economic system in which products and production means are owned by individuals or private groups

Marx argued that capitalism was the key feature of the modern world, but created such profound inequality that it would eventually have to be abolished in a future socialist society.

a person belonging by birth or naturalization to a political and geographic entity, especially a nation

His father emigrated from Russia in 1917 and became a French citizen.

a form of government in which power ultimately rests with the people, either directly or through elected representatives

The dictator was forced out of power and democracy was established.

relating to democratic forms of government rather than monarchies or aristocracies; (in a political context) relating to or denoting a political and social philosophy that promotes individual rights, civil liberties, democracy, and free enterprise

The new leader wished to establish a liberal form of government in a country that had never known political freedom.

sensible or reasoned

Deciding to stay in during the ice storm was a rational choice.

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

The achievements of the scientific revolution and the technological advances that preceded it were very important.

the power of self-government, with independence from outside control; autonomy

The nation's military fought valiantly to maintain their country's sovereignty, but ultimately they were no match for their rivals to the north.

an eighteenth century philosophical movement that emphasized the use of reason

The Enlightenment marked a period of significant social growth and development, resulting in advancements in philosophy, politics, literature, technology, and science.