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Lesson 8.7 Vocab

apartheid
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Definition

a policy of racial segregation, especially the segregation of blacks and whites and the discrimination against blacks in the Republic of South Africa

Use In A Sentence

When studying apartheid in South Africa, we must keep in mind how recently this system of segregation existed.

coup
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Definition

the sudden and forceful attempt of a group, especially of military or other government personnel, to seize state power

Use In A Sentence

The collegiate athlete staged a coup in attempt to have his head coach fired.

decolonization
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Definition

the process or act of freeing a colony or eliminating colonialism

Use In A Sentence

The decolonization process left many previous colonies in shambles, due to economic dependence and arbitrary borders made by colonizers.

ideological
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Definition

of or concerning basic beliefs, concepts, and social and political aims of an individual, group, or institution

Use In A Sentence

The ideological differences between capitalists and socialists are great.

intervention
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Definition

the act of entering a situation so as to change what is happening by one nation in the affairs of another, as with military force

Use In A Sentence

If the civil conflict continues to escalate in that country, a military intervention may be the only way to stop the slaughter of civilians.

protest
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Definition

a gesture or formal action by a person or especially a group as a public display of objection or dissent

Use In A Sentence

A citizens group mounted a protest against establishing a nuclear power plant in the area.

superpower
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Definition

a country with great international power and influence, especially one that dominates the affairs of other countries

Use In A Sentence

Global superpowers during the Cold War included the United States and the USSR.

Connecting Struggles for Liberation

Driving Question: How were local fights against injustice connected to global trends in decolonization?

The fight for justice didn’t stop with independence. See how civil rights and anti-apartheid movements challenged racism, inequality, and oppression while drawing strength from global connections.

Learning Objectives:

  1. Use close-reading skills to analyze how liberation movements were connected to decolonization.
  2. Create arguments using historical evidence to support claims and communicate conclusions through informal writing.
STEP 1

Opener: Connecting Struggles for Liberation

These song lyrics will help you consider the causes of the Civil Rights movement in the United States and to begin thinking about its global connections.

STEP 2

Civil Rights and Apartheid

Teaching Tools

After they watch the video and read the article, have students complete the Soundtrack for Liberation activity. Remind them of the concert honoring Nelson Mandela in 1990, and that music has often been a powerful tool of disenfranchised groups.

Note: Your students might have trouble coming up with song titles, so feel free to help them brainstorm. Here are a few ideas from us, if you want to look cool in front of your students:

  • Sam Cooke – A Change Is Gonna Come
  • Nina Simone – Mississippi Goddam
  • Billie Holiday – Strange Fruit
  • Bob Marley and The Wailers – Get Up, Stand Up
  • Víctor Jara – El Derecho de Vivir en Paz
  • The Dubliners – The Foggy Dew
  • Childish Gambino – This Is America
  • Woody Guthrie – This Land is Your Land
  • Aretha Franklin – Respect
  • H.E.R. – I Can’t Breathe
  • Bella Ciao – Traditional Italian partisan song

Looking for a complement to these Apartheid materials? NPR’s Throughline has a great audio resource: “The Mandela Effect.” Read about it in the Community External link . 

Use this article and video to examine how struggles for racial justice in the United States and South Africa were part of larger global movements for freedom.

Apartheid: How South Africa Ended Decades of Racial Rule External link

For decades, black South Africans faced repression in the form of apartheid, a system of racial segregation. It took years of protest and resistance, from within South Africa and from the international community, to finally topple the system of apartheid.
STEP 3

Closer: Connecting Struggles for Liberation

Use this informal writing opportunity to reflect on how local and global struggles for justice were connected and what those connections reveal about the world today.

Extension Materials
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See how liberation movements unfolded in Latin America. You’ll explore how Cold War politics shaped both local struggles and international responses.
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Cold War in Latin America

From land reform to resistance against authoritarian rule, Cold War influences, decolonization, and the fight for democracy all came together in Latin America.