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Lesson 3.3 Vocab

coal
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Definition

a hard black or dark brown substance found in the Earth and burned as fuel

Use In A Sentence

After collecting the coal, they began loading it onto the train to transport to the nearest city.

factory
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Definition

a building or set of buildings where products are manufactured

Use In A Sentence

I pass by the chocolate factory on my way to work every morning, and it always smells delicious.

infrastructure
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Definition

The physical assets and systems that enable our daily lives, including transportation, energy, buildings, and sanitation.

Use In A Sentence

Extreme weather events like floods, hurricanes, and wildfires can damage or destroy infrastructure.

innovation
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Definition

a new method, approach, or idea

Use In A Sentence

Thanks to the innovation of the Wright brothers, we have aircraft that allow us to travel swiftly and safely today.

locomotive
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Definition

steam powered railway engines that are used to pull trains

Use In A Sentence

The locomotive made it possible to move people and goods more rapidly and inexpensively across large areas of land.

profit
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Definition

a financial gain

Use In A Sentence

Colonialism made a lot of profit for many European capitalists.

steam engine
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Definition

an engine in which pressurized steam supplies mechanical energy, usually by moving a piston in a closed cylinder

Use In A Sentence

Many historians consider the steam engine a critical invention in the early ages of the Industrial Revolution.

Impacts of the Industrial Revolution

Driving Question: What technologies helped launch the Industrial Revolution and how did they change life for people?

Explore the impacts of rapid industrialization on technological innovation and economic and social structures across the world. Innovations such as the railroad or the development of fossil fuels brought this revolution to more people, improving lives but also presenting challenges to a growing world.

Learning Objectives:

  1. Evaluate how the Industrial Revolution changed human communities and societies during this era.
  2. Understand how innovations made possible by the Industrial Revolution changed the movement of goods and people.
  3. Use the historical thinking practice of contextualization to evaluate the Industrial Revolution.
STEP 1

Opener: Impacts of the Industrial Revolution

Teaching Tools

Did you know: Victorians loved their wallpaper…to death! Some of the most popular Victorian wallpaper colors were Scheele’s green and Paris green. These greens provided vibrant, durable green hues that were extraordinarily fashionable. There was just one problem: These green wallpapers contained a ton of arsenic. Particularly in damp conditions, the arsenic could break down and release poisonous gas into the home, resulting in sickness and death. And it wasn’t just wallpaper. Many industrial consumer goods, including clothing, artificial flowers, and toys all contained arsenic.

Check out these before and after images to draw conclusions about the impacts of the Industrial Revolution on Manchester, England.

STEP 2

Contextualizing History

Teaching Tools

This is your students’ introduction to the historical thinking skill of contextualization. If you need to brush up on the ideas behind this skill, our contextualization one-pager External link provides helpful background to support your teaching.

Without context, it’s easy to misinterpret what you see, read, and hear. See how contextualization is key to understanding data, and then learn how to use the Contextualization Tool.

STEP 3

What Caused the Industrial Revolution?

Teaching Tools

This contextualization activity requires a small amount of prep work. Be sure to print and cut out the Event Cards External link or copy our version in Google Slides External link . You’ll also need tape and the Feedback Form External link .

Innovation played a key role in industrialization. Explore the technologies that made industrialization possible in the article and video, and then apply your understanding in the activity by examining the historical context that gave rise to industrialization.

The Railroad Journey and the Industrial Revolution: Crash Course World History #214 External link

When most people were farmers and had to walk or ride a horse to the next town, the position of the Sun was more important than knowing the exact time. Trains changed that.
STEP 4

Before and After Images

How quickly did industrialization change things? These before and after images will give you a sense of the speed of transformation.

STEP 5

Closer: Impacts of the Industrial Revolution

You’ve learned about a lot of technologies in this lesson that transformed the world. Practice your claim making skills as you argue for the one you think was the most important.

Extension Materials
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The Industrial Revolution had an immense impact on people’s daily lives. Explore some of these different impacts with the resources below.
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Life in the Industrial Revolution

Exciting new inventions—including the ability to filter water—improved lives during the Industrial Revolution. But for those providing coal, which was the source of power for many of these innovations, the work was difficult and dangerous.

Making Clean Water External link

Clean water may seem basic today, but during the Industrial Revolution, Britain’s water was filled with sewage and even bodies. Steam engines helped turn that around.

Coal Miners External link

What was life like for the coal miners who fueled Britain’s industrialization? Men, women, and children lived, worked, and died in industrial England’s hazardous mines.