In the nineteenth century, empires did not slow down; they expanded more rapidly and aggressively. Land, labor, and lives were taken in the name of “civilization,” but opposition from colonized peoples offered a different perspective.

Industrial imperialism wasn’t new, but it was a different kind of imperialism. Industry turned conquest into a system, backed by weapons, ideas, and global ambition.

What really drives a power to control another place? Colonial powers expanded with promises of trade and progress, but their goals often mixed ambition, economic pressure, and control.

Colonialism wasn’t experienced the same way everywhere. In the face colonialism, individuals and communities found ways to preserve their identity, resist control, and adapt to survive.

In Ghana and India, resistance emerged even when it seemed impossible to challenge colonial power. Rebellion, leadership, and courage shaped these struggles—and continue to shape how they are remembered today.