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Unit 2 Vocab Guide

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UNIT 2 VOCABULARYWORLD HISTORY PROJECT 12001Key Unit VocabularyThis report provides a summary of key vocabulary for this unit. For each word, you will find the definition, part of speech, word forms (plurals/tenses), synonyms, and examples of how the word, or forms of the word, are used in a sentence.authority• the right, power, or ability to give orders, make decisions, or demand or compel obediencePart of speech:nounWord forms:authorities, authoritative, authoritativelySynonyms:command, control, powerIn a sentence:As the principal, she has the greatest amount of authority in this school.belief system• a set of principles or tenets which together form the basis of a religion, philosophy, or moral codePart of speech:nounWord forms:belief systemsSynonyms:value systemIn a sentence:Cheating on a test violates her personal belief system.causation• the act or process of causing (to make happen; creating or influencing)Part of speech:nounWord forms:cause, causes, causalitySynonyms:reason, motivation, sourceIn a sentence:When looking through articles about the fall of the Han, you want to focus on causation as well as long-term effects.claim testers• strategies to decide whether a story or concept should or should not be trustedPart of speech:nounWord forms:claim tester, claim testingSynonyms:In a sentence:The four strategies for testing a claim that we use in World History are intuition, authority, logic, and evidence.compare• to note the likenesses and differences ofPart of speech:verbWord forms:compares, comparing, compared, comparisonSynonyms:likenIn a sentence:The professor compared the economic system in the US with the economic system in China.
UNIT 2 VOCABULARYWORLD HISTORY PROJECT 12002Confucianism• the ethical teachings of Confucius, which emphasize respect for and veneration of ancestors, devotion to family and friends, cultivation and discipline of the mind, and social responsibilityPart of speech:proper nounWord forms:ConfucianistSynonyms:In a sentence:Chinese dynasties throughout history used Confucianism as their guiding principles in government and life. consequence• that which follows; resultPart of speech:nounWord forms:consequences, consequentlySynonyms:result, effect, outcomeIn a sentence:The tenant's fall in the stairway was a direct consequence of the landlord's neglect of the property.continuity• things that are constant over time; something in an uninterrupted statePart of speech:nounWord forms:continuities, continual, continuous, continuanceSynonyms:cohesionIn a sentence:The film's story line lacks continuity, so I was often confused about what was going on.culture• the sum of the language, customs, beliefs, and art considered characteristic of a particular group of peoplePart of speech:nounWord forms:cultures, cultural, culturing, culturedSynonyms:civilization, folkwayIn a sentence:The Catholic Church has played a large role in the development of French culture.dynasty• a succession, lasting several generations, of rulers from the same family or groupPart of speech:nounWord forms:dynasties, dynastic, dynasticallySynonyms:empire, regimeIn a sentence:The 800-year dynasty came to an end when rebel forces attacked the royal palace, killing the last of the imperial family.
UNIT 2 VOCABULARYWORLD HISTORY PROJECT 12003empire • territory controlled by a central government, with one supreme ruler, who governs a diverse populationPart of speech:nounWord forms:empiresSynonyms:kingdom, domainIn a sentence:The Ottoman Empire ruled over a vast territory with multiple ethnicities and belief systems.enslaved• to cause to be a slave or to be in a condition of bondagePart of speech:verbWord forms:enslaves, enslaving, enslaveSynonyms:subjugated, coerced, imprisoned, forcedIn a sentence:The Romans enslaved thousands of people, with many being owned by the state to work in agricultural and mining industries.hierarchy• a body of persons or entities graded according to rank or level of authorityPart of speech:nounWord forms:hierarchies, hierarchical Synonyms:ranking, classificationIn a sentence:An admiral ranks at the top of the naval hierarchy.maritime• of or concerning seagoing vessels, or intended for use in navigation at seaPart of speech:adjectiveWord forms:marinerSynonyms:marine, nautical, navalIn a sentence:Ship captains must obey maritime laws.migration• the act or process of moving from one region into anotherPart of speech:nounWord forms:migrations, migrant, migratory, migrateSynonyms:journey, movement, exodusIn a sentence:Their ancestors' migration from the east finally led to them settling in this small western mining town.
UNIT 2 VOCABULARYWORLD HISTORY PROJECT 12004monotheism• the belief that there is only one supreme beingPart of speech:nounWord forms:monotheist, monotheistic, monotheisticallySynonyms:In a sentence:Monotheism is a core belief of Judaism, Islam, and Christianity.mosque• a Muslim place of worshipPart of speech:nounWord forms:mosquesSynonyms:temple, church, place of worshipIn a sentence:The Muslim family made their way to the neighborhood mosque when they heard the call to prayer.polytheistic• the belief in more than one godPart of speech:adjectiveWord forms:polytheist, polytheisticallySynonyms:In a sentence:Christianity is not a polytheistic religion because it only accepts the existence of one god.prophet• a teacher, leader, or spokesperson of a movement or cause, especially a religious one, who is believed to be the recipient of some special inspiration or revelationPart of speech:nounWord forms:prophets, propheticSynonyms:guide, messengerIn a sentence:The Hebrew prophet Ezekiel foretold the destruction of Jerusalem and its temple.ritual• an established and prescribed procedure for a ceremony, especially a religious onePart of speech:nounWord forms:rituals, ritualisticSynonyms:ceremony, custom, practiceIn a sentence:Drinking sips of rice wine is part of the traditional marriage ritual in Japan.
UNIT 2 VOCABULARYWORLD HISTORY PROJECT 12005society• a community or group of people who live in the same country or area and are linked with each other by such things as laws and customsPart of speech:nounWord forms:societies, societalSynonyms:community, association, network, groupIn a sentence:Every society considers some behaviors acceptable and others unacceptable.state• the population of a specific area unified under a single governmentPart of speech:nounWord forms:statesSynonyms:nationIn a sentence:The leaders of many foreign states will attend the meeting.trade• the act of buying and selling commodities, or all such acts collectivelyPart of speech:nounWord forms:tradeable, tradelessSynonyms:commerce, business, exchangeIn a sentence:The new treaty will strongly affect trade between the two countries.trade network• a series of roads, waterways, railroads, and air routes that allow groups to trade goods with one another; a loose organization of societies that exchange goods with each otherPart of speech:nounWord forms:trade networksSynonyms:exchange networkIn a sentence:In both ancient and modern times, trade networks have allowed for cultural exchange between societies.