Unit 9 Vocab Guide
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE1Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/Lesson 9.1climate changeDefini&on Changes in the measures of Earth’s climate over a long period of 7me including weather, precipita7on, and temperature pa:erns.Part of speechnounUse in sentenceRising global temperatures due to climate change are causing more frequent and intense extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and heatwaves.environmentDefini&on the area in which something exists or livesPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe physical environment can have a great effect on the way people live.globalizationDefini&on the increasing interconnec7on of the world that began at about 1500 CE and has accelerated since 1800Part of speechnounUse in sentenceGlobaliza7on is the word that describes the whole process of big corpora7ons moving around the world in search of new markets and cheaper labor.gross domestic product (GDP)Defini&on the total market value of the goods and services produced by a country's economy during a specified period of 7mePart of speechnounUse in sentenceA country's gross domes7c product (GDP) is a good indicator of the strength of its economy.
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE2Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/inequalityDefini&on the condi7on of being unequal, especially in natural talents or social or economic statusPart of speechnounUse in sentenceOne type of inequality is a lack of access to resources.nationDefini&on a people living in the same geographic region and having a common history, language, and culturePart of speechnounUse in sentenceEventually, the 13 colonies came together and formed a na7on of 13 states, each connected by a common iden7ty and ideology.regulationDefini&on a principle, rule, or law designed to regulate behavior and conductPart of speechnounUse in sentenceFire department regula7ons require public buildings to be equipped with sprinklers.Lesson 9.2consump<onDefini&on the purchase of goods and servicesPart of speechnounUse in sentenceConsump7on in the United States is generally highest during the holiday season.exploitationDefini&on the selfish or unfair using of someone or something for one's own advantage
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE3Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/Part of speechnounUse in sentenceThe exploita7on of enslaved people kept labor costs down for planta7ons in early America.globalizationDefini&on the increasing interconnec7on of the world that began at about 1500 CE and has accelerated since 1800Part of speechnounUse in sentenceGlobaliza7on is the word that describes the whole process of big corpora7ons moving around the world in search of new markets and cheaper labor.gross domestic product (GDP)Defini&on the total market value of the goods and services produced by a country's economy during a specified period of 7mePart of speechnounUse in sentenceA country's gross domes7c product (GDP) is a good indicator of the strength of its economy.multinationalDefini&on of, pertaining to, including, or involving several countriesPart of speechadjec7ve/nounUse in sentenceThe mul7na7onal corpora7on had offices in San Francisco, Tokyo, and Dubai.regulationDefini&on a principle, rule, or law designed to regulate behavior and conductPart of speechnounUse in sentenceFire department regula7ons require public buildings to be equipped with sprinklers.
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE4Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/unsustainableDefini&on not capable of being prolonged or con7nued; not sustainablePart of speechadjec7veUse in sentenceThe current food system is unsustainable.Lesson 9.3 consump<onDefini&on the purchase of goods and servicesPart of speechnounUse in sentenceConsump7on in the United States is generally highest during the holiday season.globalizationDefini&on the increasing interconnec7on of the world that began at about 1500 CE and has accelerated since 1800Part of speechnounUse in sentenceGlobaliza7on is the word that describes the whole process of big corpora7ons moving around the world in search of new markets and cheaper labor.gross domestic product (GDP)Defini&on the total market value of the goods and services produced by a country's economy during a specified period of 7mePart of speechnounUse in sentenceA country's gross domes7c product (GDP) is a good indicator of the strength of its economy.
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE5Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/liberalizeDefini&on to make or become more liberal (rela7ng to a theory in economics emphasizing individual freedom from restraint and usually based on free compe77on, the self-regula7ng market, and the gold standard)Part of speechverbUse in sentenceThe ruling poli7cal party liberalized the country's economic policy.multinationalDefini&on of, pertaining to, including, or involving several countriesPart of speechadjec7ve/nounUse in sentenceThe mul7na7onal corpora7on had offices in San Francisco, Tokyo, and Dubai.outsourceDefini&on to move jobs or industries to another country where costs are cheaperPart of speechverbUse in sentenceIn the late twen7ethcentury, many global companies began to outsource manufacturing to countries with lower labor costs including China, the Philippines, and Mexico.regulationDefini&on a principle, rule, or law designed to regulate behavior and conductPart of speechnounUse in sentenceFire department regula7ons require public buildings to be equipped with sprinklers.Lesson 9.4 biodiversityDefini&on the variety of life forms in a habitat, whether that habitat is a local environment or an en7re planet
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE6Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/Part of speechnounUse in sentenceClimate change threatens the current biodiversity that exists on our planet.climate changeDefini&on Changes in the measures of Earth’s climate over a long period of 7me including weather, precipita7on, and temperature pa:erns.Part of speechnounUse in sentenceRising global temperatures due to climate change are causing more frequent and intense extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and heatwaves.emissionDefini&on The release of substances, such as gases, par7cles, or radia7on, into the air, water, or soil.Part of speechnounUse in sentenceThe countries with the highest CO₂ emissions per person are wealthy countries—like Canada and Australia—or oil-producers like Qatar and Saudi Arabia.environmentDefini&on the area in which something exists or livesPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe physical environment can have a great effect on the way people live.pesticideDefini&on a chemical substance used to kill pests, especially insects that harm cropsPart of speechnoun
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE7Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/Use in sentenceThe crops are repeatedly treated with pes7cide.unsustainableDefini&on not capable of being prolonged or con7nued; not sustainablePart of speechadjec7veUse in sentenceThe current food system is unsustainable.vaccinationDefini&on a medicine that protectspeople from disease and trains the body's immune systemPart of speechnounUse in sentencePolio was almost eradicated in the twen7ethcentury using vaccines that protected millions of children from sickness and paralysis.Lesson 9.5globaliza<onDefini&on the increasing interconnec7on of the world that began at about 1500 CE and has accelerated since 1800Part of speechnounUse in sentenceGlobaliza7on is the word that describes the whole process of big corpora7ons moving around the world in search of new markets and cheaper labor.human rightsDefini&on rights regarded as inherently belonging to all human beings, such as the rights to life, freedom, and dignity, and that supersede the rights of na7ons and governmentsPart of speechnounUse in sentenceUniversal human rights have been established by the United Na7ons.
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE8Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/injusticeDefini&on unfair treatment that denies people fundamental rightsPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe apartheid system in South Africa was condemned as an injus7ce against the country's Black majority popula7on.institutionDefini&on an organiza7on set up for a specific purpose, usually of public service, such as a hospital or schoolPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThis ins7tu7on is funded by some very nice patrons.non-governmental organization (NGO)Defini&on any nonprofit organiza7on or body that operates independently of governmentPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe non-governmental organiza7on your cousin works for raises money to lobby for prison reform.regulationDefini&on a principle, rule, or law designed to regulate behavior and conductPart of speechnounUse in sentenceFire department regula7ons require public buildings to be equipped with sprinklers.universalDefini&on something that applies to everyone, everywhere, without excep7on.Part of speechadjec7ve/nounUse in sentenceSmiling is a universal way people show happiness.
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE9Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/Lesson 9.6economic liberaliza<onDefini&on the state or act of decreasing government control of the economy in order to increase the role of private en77es in the marketPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe economic liberaliza7on of China has been kept in check par7ally by its communist government.globalizationDefini&on the increasing interconnec7on of the world that began at about 1500 CE and has accelerated since 1800Part of speechnounUse in sentenceGlobaliza7on is the word that describes the whole process of big corpora7ons moving around the world in search of new markets and cheaper labor.multinationalDefini&on of, pertaining to, including, or involving several countriesPart of speechadjec7ve/nounUse in sentenceThe mul7na7onal corpora7on had offices in San Francisco, Tokyo, and Dubai.non-governmental organization (NGO)Defini&on any nonprofit organiza7on or body that operates independently of governmentPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe non-governmental organiza7on your cousin works for raises money to lobby for prison reform.
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE10Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/outsourceDefini&on to move jobs or industries to another country where costs are cheaperPart of speechverbUse in sentenceIn the late twen7ethcentury, many global companies began to outsource manufacturing to countries with lower labor costs including China, the Philippines, and Mexico.privatizeDefini&on to change from governmental control or ownership to privatePart of speechverbUse in sentenceThe railways in that country are now being priva7zed.unsustainableDefini&on not capable of being prolonged or con7nued; not sustainablePart of speechadjec7veUse in sentenceThe current food system is unsustainable.Lesson 9.7 ancestralDefini&on something that comes from one's ancestors (family members from long ago) or is connected to people who lived in earlier 7mesPart of speechadjec7veUse in sentenceThe community gathered to celebrate an ancestral fes7val that had been passed down for hundreds of years.democratizationDefini&on the process of making a country or system more democra7c, giving more people the right to vote and par7cipate in governmentPart of speechnoun
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE11Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/Use in sentenceThe fall of the dictatorship led to the democra7za7on of the na7on’s poli7cal system, allowing ci7zens to elect their leaders for the first 7me in decades.desecrateDefini&on when something sacred, holy, or very important is treated with great disrespect or damagedPart of speechverbUse in sentenceThe protesters were outraged when the historic cemetery was desecrated with graffi7.migrationDefini&on the movement of persons from one country or locality to anotherPart of speechnounUse in sentenceA few years ago, some people began to make maps of the migra7on routes of birds.refugeeDefini&on aperson who has been forced to leave their home because of war, persecu7on, or disastersPart of speechnounUse in sentenceWars in the Balkans in the 1990s created hundreds of thousands of refugees who fled to other parts of Europe.terrorismDefini&on the use of violence, threats, or fear—oeen against ordinary people—to try to achieve poli7cal or social goalsPart of speechnounUse in sentenceAeer the act of terrorism, governments around the world worked together to improve security and protect civilians
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE12Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/Lesson 9.8 AnthropoceneDefini&on a new epoch, not formally accepted by geologists, during which our species has become the dominant force for change in the biospherePart of speechproper nounUse in sentenceThe Anthropocene marks the end of the Holocene epoch, about the 7me of the Industrial Revolu7on, 200 years ago.biodiversityDefini&on the variety of life forms in a habitat, whether that habitat is a local environment or an en7re planetPart of speechnounUse in sentenceClimate change threatens the current biodiversity that exists on our planet.domesticationDefini&on the act of taming an animal, especially to be kept as a pet or used for work on a farm or ranchPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe farmer's domes7ca7on of sheep with soe wool was the result of breeding sheep with those traits.emissionDefini&on the release of substances, such as gases, par7cles, or radia7on, into the air, water, or soilPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe countries with the highest CO₂ emissions per person are wealthy countries—like Canada and Australia—or oil-producers like Qatar and Saudi Arabia.
OER PROJECT:WH ORIGINSUNIT 9VOCAB GUIDE13Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “World History OriginsVocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/epochDefini&on a subdivision of a geologic periodPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe first animals in the horse family appeared during the Eocene Epoch.nuclearDefini&on of or having atomic or hydrogen bombsPart of speechadjec7veUse in sentenceThe threat of nuclear war terrified people across the world during the 1960s.radia<onDefini&on the emission of par7cles or waves of energy, as by radioac7ve material or by electrical circuits or devicesPart of speechnounUse in sentenceMany people are concerned about toxic radia7on from nuclear waste.