1750 U3 Vocab Guide
OER PROJECT:WORLD HISTORY 1750UNIT 3VOCAB GUIDEUnless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY 4.0. Credit: “WorldHistory 1750 Vocab Guide”, OER Project, www.oerproject.com/Lesson 3.1automa&onDefini&on opera&on by machinery rather than by peoplePart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe automa&on of manufacturing threatens people's jobs but can also improve safety and efficiency.factoryDefini&on a building or set of buildings where products are manufacturedPart of speechnounUse in sentenceI pass by the chocolate factory on my way to work every morning, and it always smells delicious.fossil fuelDefini&on natural carbon-rich fuels formed over long periods of &me thatrelease greenhouse gases when burnedPart of speechnounUse in sentenceSince 1750, the burning of fossil fuels has added more and more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, rapidly warming the planet and causing climate change.industrializationDefini&on the introduc&on of industry into a region or countryPart of speechnounUse in sentenceIndustrializa&on improved the country's economy.raw materialDefini&on material or a product in its natural or original state, before processing or assembling
OER PROJECT:WORLD HISTORY 1750UNIT 3 VOCAB GUIDE2Part of speechnounUse in sentenceNatural resources are the raw materials from the Earth that people use to meet needs and wants.ruralDefini&on related to the countryside rather than towns or ci&esPart of speechadjec&veUse in sentenceBefore the Industrial Revolu&on, most Europeans lived in rural areas and worked small farms.urbanDefini&on of or pertaining to a cityPart of speechadjec&veUse in sentenceNew York City is one of the most populous urban areas in the United States.Lesson 3.2agricultural revolu&onDefini&on a period of major changes in farming methods that greatly increased food produc&onPart of speechnounUse in sentenceAn agricultural revolu&on in the seventeenth century allowed more food to be produced by fewer people on less land, making it easier for factories to find workers and raw materials.enclosureDefini&on the process of grouping small farms owned by peasants into larger ones owned by the wealthyPart of speechnoun
OER PROJECT:WORLD HISTORY 1750UNIT 3 VOCAB GUIDE3Use in sentenceThe enclosure of English farmlands forced many rural workers and peasants to move to the city to find work in factories.mass productionDefini&on the manufacturing of large quan&&es of goods using standardized designs and assembly-linesPart of speechnounUse in sentenceTex&le factories that used mass produc&on techniques were terrible places to work, but they made cloth cheaper and more widely available.slave plantationDefini&on large agricultural estate where enslaved people were forced to work for the profit of othersPart of speechnounUse in sentenceEven during the Industrial Revolu&on, Bri&sh factories relied on raw coRon from slave planta&ons in the American South and the Caribbean.steam engineDefini&on an engine in which pressurized steam supplies mechanical energy, usually by moving a piston in a closed cylinderPart of speechnounUse in sentenceMany historians consider the steam engine a cri&cal inven&on in the early ages of the Industrial Revolu&on.textileDefini&on a woven or kniRed fabric; a fiber or yarn that can be woven or kniRedPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe empire's main trade interest was ornate tex&les.
OER PROJECT:WORLD HISTORY 1750UNIT 3 VOCAB GUIDE4urbanizationDefini&on the growth of ci&es, oUen due to migra&on from rural areasPart of speechnounUse in sentenceUrbaniza&on increased rapidly in Japan during that country's industrializa&on.Lesson 3.3coalDefini&on a hard black or dark brown substance found in the Earth and burned as fuelPart of speechnounUse in sentenceAUer collec&ng the coal, they began loading it onto the train to transport to the nearest city.factoryDefini&on a building or set of buildings where products are manufacturedPart of speechnounUse in sentenceI pass by the chocolate factory on my way to work every morning, and it always smells delicious.infrastructureDefini&on the physical assets and systems that enable our daily lives, including transporta&on, energy, buildings, and sanita&onPart of speechnounUse in sentenceExtreme weather events like floods, hurricanes, and wildfires can damage or destroy infrastructure.innovationDefini&on a new method, approach, or idea
OER PROJECT:WORLD HISTORY 1750UNIT 3 VOCAB GUIDE5Part of speechnounUse in sentenceThanks to the innova&on of the Wright brothers, we have aircraU that allow us to travel swiUly and safely today.locomotiveDefini&on steam powered railway engines that are used to pull trainsPart of speechnoun/adjec&veUse in sentenceThe locomo&ve made it possible to move people and goods more rapidly and inexpensively across large areas of land.profitDefini&on a financial gainPart of speechnoun/verbUse in sentenceColonialism made a lot of profit for many European capitalists.steam engineDefini&on an engine in which pressurized steam supplies mechanical energy, usually by moving a piston in a closed cylinderPart of speechnounUse in sentenceMany historians consider the steam engine a cri&cal inven&on in the early ages of the Industrial Revolu&on.Lesson 3.4capitalistDefini&on of or pertaining to capitalism (an economic system in which the means of produc&on and distribu&on are privately owned,and prices are chiefly determined by open compe&&on in a free market)Part of speechadjec&ve/nounUse in sentenceThe United States has a capitalist economy.
OER PROJECT:WORLD HISTORY 1750UNIT 3 VOCAB GUIDE6deindustrializationDefini&on the reduc&on or destruc&on of a na&on's or region's industrial capacityPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe country went through deindustrializa&on due to the increase in the export of goods.enslavedDefini&on individuals forced to work without pay, not free to leave, and oUen treated as property and without any social statusPart of speechnoun/verb/adjec&veUse in sentenceIn the nineteenth century, enslaved people of African descent provided much of the raw coRon that fueled Britain’s tex&le industry.exploitationDefini&on the selfish or unfair using of someone or something for one's own advantagePart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe exploita&on of enslaved people kept labor costs down for planta&ons in early America.imperialismDefini&on the policy of extending the rule or authority of one na&on over others by territorial acquisi&on or through economic or poli&cal dominancePart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe emperor con&nued on his military rampage in the name of imperialism.migrationDefini&on the movement of persons from one country or locality to anotherPart of speechnoun
OER PROJECT:WORLD HISTORY 1750UNIT 3 VOCAB GUIDE7Use in sentenceA few years ago, some people began to make maps of the migra&on routes of birds.Lesson 3.5capitalistDefini&on of or pertaining to capitalism (an economic system in which the means of produc&on and distribu&on are privately owned,and prices are chiefly determined by open compe&&on in a free market)Part of speechadjec&ve/nounUse in sentenceThe United States has a capitalist economy.factoryDefini&on a building or set of buildings where products are manufacturedPart of speechnounUse in sentenceI pass by the chocolate factory on my way to work every morning, and it always smells delicious.imperialismDefini&on the policy of extending the rule or authority of one na&on over others by territorial acquisi&on or through economic or poli&cal dominancePart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe emperor con&nued on his military rampage in the name of imperialism.industrializationDefini&on the introduc&on of industry into a region or countryPart of speechnounUse in sentenceIndustrializa&on improved the country's economy.
OER PROJECT:WORLD HISTORY 1750UNIT 3 VOCAB GUIDE8manufacturingDefini&on the use of labor, machinery, and chemical processes to turn raw materials into products like cement, steel, and plas&cPart of speechnoun/adjec&ve/verbUse in sentenceThe manufacturing processes we use to create concrete, steel, glass, and other materials produce almost a third of humanity’s annual carbon emissions.migrationDefini&on the movement of persons from one country or locality to anotherPart of speechnounUse in sentenceA few years ago, some people began to make maps of the migra&on routes of birds.revolutionDefini&on a dras&c and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behavingPart of speechnounUse in sentenceThe achievements of the Scien&fic Revolu&on and the technological advances that preceded it were very important.